SIPRI: The World Is Approaching A New Nuclear Race

Countries around the world are building up their nuclear capabilities.

The Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (SIPRI) published an annual report on June 16 that shows the nuclear threat is dangerously increasing.

The report indicates that nearly all nine nuclear weapons states - the United States, Russia, the United Kingdom, France, China, India, Pakistan, North Korea, and Israel - have continued intensive nuclear modernization programs in 2024, upgrading existing weapons and adding new versions.

Of the world's total z Experts estimate that 3,912 of these warheads were deployed with missiles and aircraft, with the remainder in central storage. About 2,100 deployed warheads were kept on high alert on ballistic missiles. Almost all of these warheads belonged to Russia or the United States, but China may now store some warheads on missiles in peacetime. Nuclear risks are growing as a new arms race approaches, the report said.

Russia and the US together possess about 90% of all nuclear weapons, with their nuclear modernization programs evolving.

SIPRI estimates that China now has at least 600 nuclear warheads. China's nuclear arsenal is growing faster than any other country, by about 100 new warheads per year from 2023.

The UK is not believed to have increased its nuclear weapons arsenal in 2024, its stockpile of warheads is expected to grow in the future.

India again slightly expanded its nuclear arsenal in 2024 and has continued to develop new types of nuclear delivery systems.

North Korea continues to prioritize its military nuclear program as the centerpiece of its national security strategy. SIPRI estimates that the country has now assembled about 50 warheads, possesses enough fissile material to produce up to 40 more warheads, and is accelerating further fissile material production.

Israel, which does not publicly acknowledge having nuclear weapons, is also believed to be modernizing its nuclear arsenal.

"The era of reducing the number of nuclear weapons in the world, which has lasted since the end of the Cold War, is coming to an end," said Hans Christensen, a senior scientist in SIPRI's Weapons of Mass Destruction Program and director of the Nuclear Information Project at the Federation of American Scientists (FAS). He said there is a clear trend toward growing nuclear arsenals, escalating nuclear rhetoric and rejection of arms control agreements.

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